Population: Wikipedia (List of United States cities by population); median home price: Redfin/Zillow market data; state income tax: Tax Foundation, 2026.
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Phoenix's population of 1,665,481 places it among the a population over a million in Arizona, a detail that directly affects local bank competition and housing supply. Arizona's top income tax rate of 2.5% is on the lower end nationally, giving Phoenix residents a modest edge over higher-tax states without the tradeoffs of a zero-tax state.
Phoenix's median home price of about $458,000 tracks close to the national figure, so the usual national rent-versus-buy math applies here more directly than in either coastal or ultra-affordable markets. Every guide below is built around Phoenix's actual numbers, not a generic national template.